Pre concept

 

Pre Concept of Anatomy 

Here’s a structured and concise anatomy study summary tailored for midterm exam prep. It covers key systems and concepts commonly tested:

🧠 Anatomy Midterm Study Summary

🩻 1. Skeletal System

Functions: 

Support,

protection,

movement,

mineral storage, 

blood cell production.

Bone types: 

Long (femur), 

short (carpals),

 flat (sternum), 

irregular (vertebrae).

Key terms: 

Osteoblasts (build bone),

 osteoclasts (break down bone), periosteum (outer layer).

💪 2. Muscular System

Types of muscle: 

Skeletal (voluntary),

cardiac (involuntary, heart), smooth (involuntary, organs).

Contraction: Actin and myosin filaments slide past each other (sliding filament theory).

Neuromuscular junction: 

Where nerve meets muscle; acetylcholine triggers contraction.

🫀 3. Cardiovascular System

Heart anatomy: 4 chambers (2 atria, 2 ventricles), valves (tricuspid, bicuspid, semilunar).

Blood vessels: Arteries (away from heart), 

veins (to heart), 

capillaries (exchange).

Circulation: Pulmonary (lungs) vs systemic (body).

🫁 4. Respiratory System

Pathway: 

Nose →

pharynx → 

larynx →

trachea → 

bronchi →

lungs → 

alveoli.

Gas exchange: 

Occurs in alveoli; 

oxygen in, 

carbon dioxide out.

Control: 

Medulla oblongata regulates breathing rate.

🧬 5. Nervous System

Divisions: 

Central (brain, spinal cord)

 vs peripheral (nerves).

Neuron structure:

Dendrites, 

cell body,

axon,

synapse.

Reflex arc: 

Sensory neuron

 → interneuron →

 motor neuron.

🩸 6. Digestive System

Major organs: 

Mouth, 

esophagus,

stomach, 

small intestine,

large intestine, 

liver,

pancreas.

Functions:

Ingestion, 

digestion, 

absorption,

elimination.

Enzymes: Amylase (carbs), pepsin (proteins), lipase (fats).

🧫 7. Urinary System

Organs: 

Kidneys, 

ureters, 

bladder, 

urethra.

Nephron:

Functional unit;

filters blood, 

reabsorbs nutrients,

forms urine.

- Homeostasis: 

Regulates water,

 electrolytes, pH.

🧠 Bonus Tips

Use labeled diagrams to reinforce memory.

Practice with flashcards for terms and functions.

Focus on clinical relevance (e.g., what happens when a system fails).

Here you go — a clean, educational anatomy illustration perfect for a midterm study web post. It highlights internal organs, the skeletal system, and major muscle groups in a modern infographic style.